سالمند شناسی از منظر تعامل بین سالمندی و بزه دیدگی؛ با تأملی بر تجربه تحقیق میدانی در انگلستان

The author in this article, tries to determine the importance of specializing the protective and aiding measurements for elderly victims through emphasizing the necessity to do an interdisciplinary study whose reflection can be seen in cooperation between results of studying the elderly and doctrines of victimology. Like wise, studying the features of fear of crime and to what extent the elderly are at the stake of experiencing victimization during the aging period lead us to provide the necessary measures to support the elderly with a specially criminal protection. This study includes the following results: Increasing the dark-number crimes committed against the elderly according to reducing the possibility of reporting these crimes and lack of their visibility specially in crimes committed in families or institutions where the elderly are kept and cared for the necessity of separating the degree of victimizing the aged which leads us to categorizing the victimization according to the type of the crime, reasons, its factors and the degree of fear of crime in the aged the indicators which endanger the elderly to be victimized also denies traditional theory of the aged's vulnerability due to mere aging. These indicators also reject the absolute and one-sidedness relation of this theory with re-victimization of the aged and increasing the possibility of their being as targets of crime. This is an undeniable fact that the aged's marginalizing and having passive roles in society, their experiencing of separating from social networks, decreasing financial ability in consequence of entering into the retirement stage, facing cultural identities which are unfamiliar and different from what they experienced in the past will assign them an indispensable fate which is facing injurious consequences of crime. Effects of social, cultural and economic features on increasing the victimization of the aged in the light of the results of survey done in England is the reason of denying a traditional theory. This theory believes that the mere aging is an indicator of increasing the coefficient of probability for the aged becoming the victims of crime. On the whole, it is expected to inspect the aiding and protective measures for the aged by compiling these two fields of study through which the elderly can also benefit from the status which they deserve in criminal justice system.